Unit 17 My teacher
【重點詞語】
patience 容忍，耐心
keep 保持，保留
gifted 有才華的，有天賦的
consider 考慮，認為
at breakfast 正在吃早餐
human being 人
burst into laughter 哈哈大笑起來
look upon 回顧
【重點難點講解】
1， …one or two people had told my mother that I was simple-minded.
有一兩個人曾對我母親說過我頭腦簡單。
1）one or two…後的動詞用複數，one or two還可作主語。但a/an…or two可當作集合名詞看待，而動詞取單複數都可，由講話者或作者主觀上而定。如：
There are one or two things that must be remembered . 有幾件事必須記住。
Only one or two have been questioned about the case. 有關該案只有一兩個人受到審問。
Only a word or two is/are needed here . 這兒只需幾句話就行了。
2）simple-minded 頭腦簡單的。minded作為形容詞常構成複合詞，含"有……頭腦的（思想的，觀念的，意識強的）"。如：
small-minded氣量小的
absent-minded心不在焉的
noble-minded思想高尚的
independent-minded有獨立見解的
like-minded觀點相同的
tradition-minded有傳統觀念的
lazy-minded 思想懶惰
sports-minded醉心體育運動的
safety-minded安全意識強的。
2， A born teacher, she thought she would turn a deaf- blind person into a useful human being.
她是一位天生的教師， 她認為她能把一個又聾又瞎的人變成為一個有用的人。
born作形容詞是"天生的，生來的"如：
a born fool 天生的傻子
a born musician 天生的音樂家
a recently born idea 新近產生的想法
He is born rich . 他生來有錢。
3， I reached out to Annie's hand . 我把手伸向安妮的手。
reach out 伸出手（臂），可作不及物動詞，也可作及物動詞。如：
She reached out and took down a dictionary from the top shelf . 她伸手從最高一格書架上取下一本詞典。
She reached out her hand and offered to shake his . 她伸了手去，想和他握手。
4， She also brought me into touch with everything that could be felt ━━ soil, wood, silk.
她還使我接觸到所有能感覺到的東西 ━━ 泥土、木板、絲綢。
bring into 使進入某種狀態。bring sb into touch ( contact, association)
with…使接觸到。如：
This brought us into touch with a wide circle of people . 這使我們有機會廣泛接觸各式各樣的人。
5， As I look back upon those years, I am struck by Annie's wisdom.
當我回顧那些歲月時，安妮的智慧使我驚歎不已。
look back"回顧，回憶"（＝think about the past, recall the past）, 後接on, upon, to, over介詞短語。如：
Looking back upon our achievements, we are firmly convinced that we shall be able to achieve even greater victories . 回顧我們所取得的成就，我們堅信將能取得更大的勝利。
6，It took great imagination as well as patience for Annie to teach me to speak .
安妮以極大的耐心和想象力教我說話。
as well as 在此處是連詞"和，又，也，除……外還"。 在表示"不但……而且……"時則側重強調前者，謂語與前者一致。而"not only…but also …"則側重於後者，謂語與後者一致。如：
He can speak French as well as English . 他不但會講英語，而且還會講法語。
She is not only hardworking but also clever . 她不但用功，而且聰明。
(He as well as we is(=Not only we but also he is ) eager to know the results .
不僅我們，而且他也急於想知道結果。
7， To Annie I owe thanks for this priceless gift of speech.
我得感謝安妮給了我說話能力這個無價之寶。
owe…to 應該把……歸功於。如：
She owes her success to hard work . 她把成功歸因於辛勤工作。
【詞語辨析】
1，human, human being, human race, mankind, man, person, people, soul, creature
human adj . 人的，有關人的；人類的；有人性的。該詞還可作名詞表"人"，常用該詞構成a human being一個人, human beings人們, human race 人類，在將人與動物、神仙、鬼等比較時常用human, 其複數形式為humans。如：
Are robots as clever as humans?機器人跟人一樣聰明嗎?
person 可以指man, woman或child,其複數形式常是people,用persons 則強調數量的概念。"一個人"是a person, 不能說 a people, "兩個人"可說two persons/people。
man的單數形式並其前不加冠詞可表"人類"，相當於mankind。如：
Man's knowledge of things constantly develops . 人類的認識總是不斷髮展的。
people 泛詣"人們"，the people 人民，人們，a people, peoples民族。如：
The Chinese are a hardworking people . 中華民族是勤勞的民族。
serve the people為人民服務，many people at the meeting . 出席會議的人很多。the English-speaking peoples 使用英語的各民族。
soul, creature 在書面語中常表"人"，常與數詞連用並帶感情色彩。soul還表"首腦，核心人物"如；
Won't someone help that poor pretty creature?難道沒人幫助那可憐但美麗的人嗎?
The ship was lost off the coast with all souls . 這條船在沿海失事，船上的人全部遇難。
an important soul in the strike 罷工中的核心人物。
2，priceless, price, priced, value, invaluable, valueless, precious, worthless
price n . 價格，價錢；代價。priced有定價的。priceless（無比較級和最高階）無價的，貴重的（＝invaluable）。如：
Up goes the price of the vinegar!醋價又上漲了。
the priced steel有定價的鋼材
make a priceless contribution to human beings 為人類作出寶貴的貢獻。
Good health is priceless . 健康是無價之寶。
value價，價值。估價，評價；珍重。valuable adj . 有價值的，貴重的。invaluable無價的(指無法衡量的高價值，相當於priceless)。如：
This book is of more value than that one. 這本書比那本書價錢貴。
You don't know the value of health. 你不知道健康的重要性。
valueless無價值的，沒有用的(=worthless)。如：
a worthless, broken tool 沒有用的工具。
3， health, healthy, healthful
health "健康；衛生"，常用於be in good/poor health 身體很（不）健康。 healthy "健康的，健壯 的"(having health)，當healthy 引伸為"有益於健康"的時候可與healthful換用。healthful "有益於健康的"( giving health)。如：
Fresh air and exercise are good for the health . 新鮮空氣和運動有益於健康。
Swimming is a healthful exercise . 游泳是一項有益於健康的運動。
Every person needs water and a diet of healthy/healthful food . 人人需要飲水和食用有益於健康的食品。
4，reach與arrive：
這兩個詞都有"到"的意思。reach表示到達什麼地點時，是及物動詞，後面直接跟表示地點的名詞。例如：
In October 1935 the Red Army reached northern ShanBei.一九三五年十月紅軍到達陝北。
When does the train reach London?火車什麼時候到達倫敦？
arrive是不及物動詞，表示到達什麼地點時，後面應接介詞in或at，例：
He arrived in Beijing yesterday.他昨天到達北京。
We arrived at the station in hot haste.我們急急忙忙趕到車站。
【語法－系表結構】
一、系表結構
聯絡動詞和名詞、形容詞、不定式、動詞-ing 式，分詞和副詞連用，構成系表結構。
That sounds a good idea.這聽起來是個好主意。
She turned red at the words.她聽了這話臉紅了。
Speaking English may be difficult at first but it comes easy after plenty of practice.說英語開頭有些難，多練習之後就容易了。
He remained standing there for a couple of hours.他在那裡站了兩個鐘頭。
The meeting wasn't over until midnight.會議開到半夜才結束。
二、"變成"類系動詞及搭配
常見的"變成"類系動詞有 become , get , come , go , grow , fall , turn , run 等，都表示從一種狀態到另一種狀態。儘管意思差不多，但搭配有差別。我們要注意以下幾個方面。
1 . 形容詞作表語。
go 和 come 是一對相反的詞。"go + adj . "表示令人不快的事情，而"come + adj . "則表示好的事情。例如：
In hot weather , meat goes bad .
Things will come right in the end .
go 與 come 前面的主語一般是物。例如：
(誤)She goes famous .
(正)She becomes(gets)famous .
表語為mad , crazy(古怪的)，blind , lame 或表示顏色的詞，go 前面的主語可以是人。例如：
He went mad.
Hearing this, she went red.
run 後面接 short , dry , low , deep 等詞，主語多為能流動，能消耗掉的東西。例如：
Their money was running short.
Still waters run deep.
但 wild 作表語，主語可以是人。例如：
Don't let the children run wild . 不要讓孩子們毫無約束(變野了)。
grow 與 run 相對，接表示人或物特徵的靜態形容詞，也接表示天氣的形容詞，側重於"逐漸變成"。例如：
The girl grew thinner and thinner.
Soon the sky grew light .
turn 多接表示顏色的形容詞，也接表示天氣的形容詞，它側重變得與以前完全不同。
The man turned blue with fear . 因害怕，這個人變得憂鬱起來。
The weather suddenly turned much colder .
fall 接 asleep , silent 等靜態形容詞和表示疾病的形容詞，但不能接形容詞比較級。例如：
She fell ill from cold .
(誤)She fell worse .
(正)She got worse .
fall short(沒中)，fall apart(散開)，fall flat(沒效果)，可作成語記住。
"get + adj . "是口語，用得廣泛，get能替代become , become 較正式，get 與 become前面的主語既可以是人又可以是物。例如：
He became(got)angry .
His coat has become(got)badly torn .
get較多地與形容詞比較級連用。例如：
The days are getting longer and longer .
注意：become 一般不用於"將來成為"的意思。例如：
(誤)I hope you will become well .
(正)I hope you will get well .
2， become , turn , get , go , fall 能用名詞作表語，其它的則不能。例如：
His dream has become(got)a reality .
He has turned scientist .
He has gone socialist .
He fell(a)victim to cancer . (他患了癌症。)
注意：go , turn 後面的名詞通常不帶冠詞。
3， become , get , grow 能接過去分詞，並且 come 和 go 多接有否定字首的過去分詞。
"get + 過去分詞"表示一次行為；"become + 過去分詞"表示事情發生的最後結果。
The string comes untied .
His report went unnoticed .
The fence gets white--washed every year .
She became engaged as a typist .
4， get , go , come 能接現在分詞，不過它們已失去"成為"的意思。例如：
They went in and got chatting together . (開始)
We often go swimming. (去)
He came running in. (來)
5. come , grow , get 能接不定式，這種結構表示變化過程，come 表示"最終變得"，get 表示"由不……變得"，grow 表示"漸漸變得"。例如：
I've really come to love this place.
Mary's growing to be more and more like her mother.
You'll soon get to like it.
這種結構不能用於帶有一段時間的完成時態。例如：
(誤)They have got to know each other for years .
(正)They have known each other for years .
6， 它們都可以接介詞短語，固定搭配需要一個一個地記。例如：
They went(grow)out of fashion . (它們變得不時髦了。)
They ran out of money .
The problem will come under discussion .
They fell behind the others .
It's getting near tea-time .
