雅思寫作的方法技巧

來源:才華庫 3.3W

一、compare與contrast的誤用

雅思寫作的方法技巧

我們先從兩者的定義入手來看兩者的區別。Compare的定義為:to examine people or things to see how they are similar or different. Contrast的定義為:to compare two or more things to show the difference between them. 由定義不難看出前者側重於找到兩個或多個事物的異同,而後者則側重於它們的不同。

看個例句:

It is interesting to compare their situations to ours./It is interesting to contrast their situations to ours。

前一句翻譯為:對比一下我們的情況與他們的情況會很有趣。

後一句的翻譯為:我們的情況與他們的情況有很大的不同,這很有趣。

再看一個引自OXFORD ADBANCED LEARNERS DICTIONARY的例子:

There is an obvious contrast between the culture of East and West。

The company lost $7 million in contrast to a profit of $6.2 million a year earlier。

When you look at their new system, ours seems very old-fashioned by contrast。

不難發現,Compare 翻譯為 與。。。相比而contrast可譯為明顯不同的是。。。,切記這種翻譯方式就不會用錯彼此了。

二、介詞使用錯誤

1、普通介詞的誤用

一般表現為固定搭配錯誤,如常把provide sb with sth用成provide sb sth; be satisfied with用成be satisfied for等等,雖然這樣的錯誤看似無傷大雅,但在考官眼裡就是影響順暢閱讀的,當然會影響最終成績。解決的辦法簡單而古老:把常見的固定搭配牢記於心,問題自然就解決了。

2、to作為介詞的誤用

to最常見的用法是以動詞不定式符號的形式出現的,所以同學們也已經習慣了 to do的固定搭配。對於一些如walk to me, to the left等介詞to表方向等常見用法一般也不會出現錯誤。但是對於與動詞搭配的介詞to就會經常犯錯:

如:

More and more students have taken to depend on their parents to make decision for them。

這裡的 take to means to begin to do sth as a habit 其中 to為介詞,所以後面只能接名詞或相當於名詞的詞,如動名詞。所以黑體處應改為depending on。take to的另一個常用用法也需要牢記:

He hasnt taken to his new school. (這裡take to means to start liking sb or sth)

Prefer A to B中的 to也是介詞,會有 prefer doing sth to doing sth/ prefer sth to sth else, 這裡朗閣海外考試研究中心提醒您,prefer to do sth rather than do sth中的to可是真正的不定式符號。

類似的常用用法請同學們牢記:

Be used to doing

Be accustomed to doing

See to doing

Adapt to doing

Adjust to doing

prefer doing sth. to doing sth。

等等,請注意平時仔細積累。

三、assume及claim使用不夠準確

我們知道, think, assume, claim是議論文中常用引出觀點的動詞。在實際作文中,同學們往往認為幾個詞的意思是一樣的,完全可以代換,所以拿過來就用。甚至還有同學把consider也拿過來與之混用。我們首先還是從定義來看這幾個詞的不同:

Think: to have opinion or belief about sth。

翻譯為認為,通常接賓語從句來表達比較確定的觀點。

Assume: to think or accept that sth is true but without having proof of it。

翻譯為假設、假定,是否有事實依據是不確定的。

Claim: to say sth is true although it has not been proved and other people may not believe it。

翻譯為聲稱,用這個詞往往意味著不贊同緊跟其後的觀點,所以很少用作 I claim that

Scientist are claiming a breakthrough in the fight against cancer, but in fact, 。

所以 It is claimed that 通常翻譯為有報道稱。。。。和it is reported that 的區別在於後者翻譯為據報道,往往代表著作者贊同報告的內容,

Consider: to think about sth carefully, especially in order to make a decision

翻譯為考慮,一般不用作引出觀點,看個例子:

We are considering buying a new car。

所以,提醒您,千萬不要在雅思大作文的第一段(觀點表達段)就因為用詞把握不準而導致對整篇文章的'低分印象。

四、表建議的詞彙後面忘記用虛擬從句

這是摘自學生作文中的一個病句:

I suggest he continues his study instead of working after graduation from high school。

因為 suggest翻譯為建議,所以後面的從句應該用虛擬語氣,黑體部分應該改為 (should) continue

提醒您,一定要牢記以下常見表建議的詞彙,而且要記住這些詞接從句時要用虛擬語氣:

Recommend, suggest, advise

五、such as與for example的混用

我們知道,在表示舉例子的時候,such as 與like是完全等同的,如:Wild flowers such as/like orchids and primroses are becoming rare。

但是同學們對於Such as、for example 的把握還是不夠準確。我們都知道,後者接句子前者接詞語表示舉例子。於是就有了下面的寫法:

There is a similar word in many languages, such as in French and Italian。

這裡的such as改為 for example為好,因為in French and Italian其實是there is a similar word in French and Italian的簡化,所以要用 for example來引出例證。再來看幾個類似的例子:

It is possible to combine computer science with other subjects, for example physics。

最後,要提醒各位考生,在平時的寫作中絕對不能放過任何的模稜兩可,只有平時斤斤計較才能做到寫作使人精確。

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