unit 12 grammar：反意疑問句(人教版八年級英語下冊教案教學設計)

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反意疑問句

教學目標：讓學生理解，並能運用反意疑問句

教學重點：掌握反意疑問句的十二字口訣“前否定後肯定，前肯定後否定”

教學難點：反意疑問句的特殊情況

教學步驟：

Step 1

1. Mr Green went to Shenzhen on business last week, _____?

A. isn’t he

B. doesn’t he

C. didn’t he

D. hasn’t he

解析：

反意疑問句的後半部分（附加疑問句）必須在人稱、數和時態上與前面的陳述部分保持一致；當前一部分的主語部分為名詞時，後一部分的主語用相應的人稱代詞形式。本題中前一部分的謂語動詞為一般過去時的行為動詞的肯定形式，後一部分的助動詞只能是didn’t。答案：C

2. You often have bread for breakfast, ____ you?

A. don’t

B. haven’t

C. aren’t

D. will

解析：

have不當“有”講時，用作行為動詞。

have當“有”講進行句型轉換時，可以新增助動詞，也可以不加助動詞，如：

He has few friends in the new school, does / has he?

答案：A

3. Alice has to finish her work now, _____? (河南省1999會考題)

A. has she

B. hasn’t she

C. does she

D. doesn’t she

解析：

have to雖與must同義，但它變反意疑問句時要像行為動詞一樣去變。

答案：D

4. The poor man needs our help, _____ he? (河北省1999會考題)

A. need

B. needn’t

C. does

D. doesn’t

解析：

need既可作行為動詞，又可作情態動詞。本題中need用了第三人稱單數形式，顯然是行為動詞，變反意疑問句時，附加疑問句中只能選用適當的助動詞。

答案：D

5. - Let’s go and fly kites, _____?

- Wonderful! (甘肅省2001會考題)　　

A. will you

B. shall we

C. don’t you

D. do you

解析：

祈使句變反意疑問句，前一部分為肯定形式時，後一部分用will you，would you, can you, can’t you及could you；而前一部分為否定形式時，後一部分只能用will you。以let’s開頭的祈使句，附加疑問句常用shall we。

答案：B

注意：

let’s與let us是有區別的，let us像一般的祈使句一樣，附加疑問句應為will you。

6. There is little milk in the bottle, ______? (廣東省2003會考題)

A. isn’t there

B. is there

C. isn’t it

D. is it

解析:

陳述部分是there be結構，附加疑問句用be (not) + there的形式。含有little, few, hardly, never, seldom, nothing等否定意義詞的陳述句，是否定句。本題中出現了little，故附加疑問句中的謂語動詞應為肯定形式。

答案：B

注意：

某些帶有否定字首或字尾的形容詞如unhappy, careless（粗心）等，只是詞語意義的否定，而不能構成整個句子的否定。

7. I don’t think he’ll come here on time, ____? (重慶市2000會考題)

A. won’t he

B. will he

C. does he

D. is he

解析：

陳述部分中如果含有賓語從句，附加疑問句的謂語動詞應與陳述部分的主句的謂語動詞在人稱、數和時態上保持一致。但如果主句含有I suggest（猜測），I believe(相信), I think, I guess, I hear等時，附加疑問句的謂語動詞應與其賓語從句的謂語動詞在人稱、時態和數上保持一致。本題中的謂語動詞應和will come保持一致。

答案：B

8. - He didn’t go to school this morning, did he?

- ___, though he was not feeling very well. (甘肅省2004會考題)

A. No, he didn’t

B. Yes, he did

C. No, he did

D. Yes, he didn’t

解析：

對反意疑問句的回答，不管問題的提法如何，若事實是肯定的，就用yes，事實是否定的，就用no。當反意疑問句的結構為　“前否定後肯定”時，回答中的yes譯為“不”，no譯為“是的”，這一點與漢語不同。本題中答案表達的意義應為“他去上學了”。

答案：B（不，他去了）。

總結：　

1．反意疑問句的總原則為：前肯後否；前否後肯

2．特殊情況：

A. 當前部分有few,little,hardly,never,no,neither,none,nobody等表否定意義的詞時，後部分用肯定。 B. a. 當前部分為祈使句Let’s do sth.時，後部分用shall we? b.當前部分為祈使句時Let us do sth，後部分用will you? c.當前部分為祈使句Do sth / Be ...時，後部分用will/won’t you? d.當前部分為祈使句Don’t do sth 時，後部分用will you?

C.陳述句為複合句時，如果複合句是“”，則反意疑問句部分的主語與從句的主句保持一致；反之，反意疑問句的主語與主句的主語保持一致。

D.陳述句為“There be”句型，反意疑問句部分用“… there”結構

Step2

快速記憶表

陳述部分的謂語　　　　　疑問部分　　　　　　　　　　

　 I　　　　　　　　　 aren't I　　　　　　　　

Wish　　　　　　　　　may +主語　　　　　　　　　

no,nothing,nobody,never,　　

few, seldom, hardly,　　　　肯定含義

rarely, little等否定

含義的詞　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

ought to（肯定的）　　　 shouldn't/ oughtn't +主語　

have to+v.(had to+v.)　　don't +主語(didn't +主語) 　

used to　　　　　　　 didn't +主語或 usedn't +主語　

had better + v.　　　　　hadn't you　　　　　　　　　

would rather + v.　　　　wouldn't +主語　　　　　　　

you'd like to + v.　　　 wouldn't +主語　　　　　　　

must　　　　　　　　　　根據實際情況而定　　　　　　

感嘆句中　　　　　　　　 be +主語　　　　　　　　　　

Neither…nor,

either…or 連線的根　　據其實際邏輯意義而定

並列主語　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

指示代詞或不定代詞

everything,that,　　　　　　主語用it

nothing,this　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

並列複合句　　　　　　　謂語根據鄰近從句的謂語而定　

定語從句,賓語從句的

主從複合句　　　　　　　根據主句的謂語而定　　　　　

think,believe,expect,

suppose,imagine等引導　與賓語從句相對應的從句　　　

everybody,anyone,

somebody,nobody,no one　　複數they, 單數he　　　　　

情態動詞dare或need　　　 need (dare ) +主語

dare, need 為實義動詞　　　　 do +主語　　　　　　　

省去主語的祈使句　　　　 will you？

Let's 開頭的祈使句　　　 Shall we?

Let us 開頭的祈使句　　　Will you?　　　　　　　　　

there be　　　相應的謂語動詞+there(省略主語代詞）　　

否定字首不能視為否定詞　　　仍用否定形式　　　　　　

must表"推測"　　　根據其推測的情況來確定反意疑問句　

Step 3

Practice:

yone’s having a good time, _______?

one left here yesterday, __________?

one turn that radio down, ________?

ne can join the club, __________?

body tried to gatecrash(無票進入), _________?

e’s nothing wrong, __________?

e won’t be any trouble, __________?

can’t be too modest, __________?

’s your sister, __________?

ning how to repair motors takes a long time, __________?

he is ill isn’t true, __________?

e belong to you, __________?

ing can stop us now, __________?

thing’ll have to be done about the price, __________?

d wouldn’t get such a long holiday if he worked in industry, __________?

16.I don’t hink you’ve done it, __________?

he did more work he’d be very good, __________?

said his mother was ill, __________?

19.I suppose Li Ping will come here on time, __________?

’s my son’s wedding next week, and I have to look my best for that , ________?

her you will go or stay won’t make any difference, __________?

must get rid of carelessness, for it often leads to errors, __________?

me a hand, __________?　　　　

sit down, __________?

’t forget to phone me, __________?

’s go, __________?　　　　　　

us do it by ourselves, __________?

me have another try, __________?

s rarely build nests in our garden, _________?

aret scarcely seems to care, ______?

’ve saved nothing this year, ________?

is careless about his speech, _______?

33.I’m older than you, __________?

beautiful weather, __________?

has to stay here all day, __________?

had some trouble finding where i live, __________?

has his hair cut every month, ______?

has coffee with breakfast, ________?

have a TV set, __________?

had a talk with her, __________?

have bad colds every winter, ______?

old lady has a couple of friends, ___?

ought to read this book, __________?

far as I can remember, Tom used to live here, __________?

45.I needn’t tell you the news, __________?

46.I must answer the letter, __________?

must have made the mistake, _____?

must have stayed at home last night, __________?

must be hungry, __________?

50.I wish to go home now, __________?

’d rather I didn’t say anything, _____?

’d rather go, __________?

’d better have a day off, so that you can look after your sick mother, _______?

may go home now, __________?

couldn’t lend me a pound, _______?

need to come earlier, __________?

did make the shoes yourself, ______?

was spring-cleaning all day yesterday, __________?

party won’t get going till seven, __________?

y wouldn’t have become a teacher if it hadn’t been for the holiday, ________?

of the students passed the exam, _______?

of the students had a try, _______?

don’t think that he watched it, _____?

jar is so small that it could hardly hold you, __________?

her you nor I am an engineer, _____?

er you or he studies politics, _____?

I. 詞彙知識

根據句意和所給的首字母或漢語提示，在空白處填寫一個適當的詞，使句子意思完整。

1. The hat is big for me. Please show me a__________　one.

2. Mr Smith kept Jack in the classroom after school because he b__________　the window.

3. He lives outside the city. It t__________　him half an hour to go to work by bus.

4. In China, J__________　is the coldest month of the year.

5. P__________　live in China, but people can see them in some foreign zoos.

6. The old man feels __________(更糟). He should go to the doctor.

7. __________(聖誕節) is the most important festival in many countries.

8. You can see all kinds of flowers __________(到處) in spring.

9. We live on the __________(十二) floor. So we have to use a lift.

10. What about a pie? It _________(有……味道) delicious.

II. 單項選擇

11. Hong Kong is ____ the south of China, and Macao is _____ the west of Hong Kong.

A. in；to

B. to；to

C. to；in

D. in；in

12. - What’s your ______ name, please?

　- Jack Jim Black.

A. first

B. middle

C. family

D. full

13. - Help ______ to some chicken.

　- Thanks a lot. But I’m full now.

A. you

B. your

C. yourself

D. yourselves

14. - ______ will you invent to your birthday party?

　- Katy, Emma, Robert and Emily.

A. Who

B. Whose

C. What

D. When

15. Which country is the ______ in the world?

A. small

B. smaller

C. smallest

D. the smallest

16. The old man is so strange ______ nobody likes him.

A. what

B. when

C. if

D. that

17. - What did you do ______ your summer holiday?

　- I helped my father with some farming and did some reading.

A. with

B. during

C. of

D. about

18. I think you’ll come here ______ this time tomorrow.

A. at

B. for

C. in

D. on

19. - Have you finished Unit 12?

　- Not yet. We’ll go on ______ it next Monday.

A. learn

B. to learn

C. learning

D. learned

20. - What shall we do tomorrow evening?

　- We’d better ______ a party in the open air.

A. have

B. to have

C. having

D. had

21. Thank you for ______ the message to me.

A. giving

B. give

C. to giving

D. to give

22. There ____ a basketball match and a movie this Sunday evening.

A. are going to be

B. is going to be

C. are going to have

D. will have

23. - I hope to learn to drive a car.

　- ______.

A. My brother hopes so.

B. So hopes my brother.　

C. My brother does so.

D. So does my brother.

24. - Happy birthday to you.

　- ______.

A. The same to you.

B. You’re welcome.　　

C. Thanks a lot.

D. I would love to.

25. - My mother isn’t feeling well today.

　- ______.

A. Go and see a doctor.

B. Don’t worry.　　　　　

C. It doesn’t matter.

D. I’m sorry to hear that.

26. --- Could I please _____?

　--- Sorry, you can’t. Your father has to use it.

A. do the dishes

B. go to the movies

C. use the car

D. watch TV

27. Who do you _____ was the best actor?

A. think

B. think of

C. think about

D. to think

28. Nancy, thanks for _____ care of my dog.

A. take

B. taking

C. takes

D. took

29. Lin Li is ______ in her class.

A. the younger

B. younger

C. youngest

D. the youngest

30. This shirt is _____ cheaper than that one.

A. little

B. a little

C. few

D. a few

III. 補全對話

根據所給語境從方框中選擇適當的句子填空，使對話完整、通順。

A. Oh dear!

B. Make sure to tell me about it.

C. It’s Wendy here.

D. No, I was all right.

E. I’m afraid you won’t see him tomorrow.

Wendy：Hello. 3637982.

David：Hello. Could I speak to Wendy, please?

Wendy：Is that David? (31)______.

David：I didn’t see you at Bruce’s birthday party yesterday. Didn’t he ask you to go to it?

Wendy：(32)______ I forgot it. He told me about it last Wednesday. I bought a present for him. But I thought it was his birthday today. Who went to the party yesterday?

David：Seven children. I thought you were ill.

Wendy：(33)______ I have to say sorry to him tomorrow.

David：(34)______ His family went to China this morning.

Wendy：Really? When will they come back?

David：In a year. His father found work there.

Wendy：Do you know his new address?

David：No. He’ll write to me when he gets there.

Wendy：(35)______.

David：OK.

IV. 翻譯填空

根據所給的漢語，在每個空白處填寫一個適當的詞，完成句子。

36. 你最喜歡哪一個季節？

　______ season do you like ______?

37. 我的朋友一年到頭都很忙。

　My friend is busy ______ the year ______.

38. 除了一箇舊袋子，他一無所有。

　He has ______ ______ an old bag.

39. 到元月份，天氣變得更冷了。

　January comes and it ______ ______.

40. 那個老頭總是隨身帶著一把雨傘。

　The old man always takes an umbrella ______ ______.

V. 完形填空

Florence Nightingale was a famous English nurse. She was born in a rich family. When she was　　　41　　, she took lessons in music and drawing, and read many great books. She also

42　　in many countries with her parents.

As a child she felt that visiting 　 43　　people was both a duty and a pleasure. She enjoyed helping them.

At last she decided that she was going to be a nurse. But her father said, “Nursing isn’t the 　 44　　job for a lady.”

“Then I will make it so,” she smiled. And she went to 　 45　　nursing in Germany and France. When she returned to 　 46　 , Florence started a nursing home for women.

In the Crimean War in 1854, she went with a group of thirty-eight nurses to the front(前線)

47　 . She found everything there was terrible.

Florence used her own 　 48　　and some from her friends to buy clothes, beds, medicines and food for the men. Her only pay was the smiles of the wounded(受傷的）　 49　 . But they were more than enough for this kind woman.

Florence died at ninety. She tried to serve others through her work as a nurse all her life. Thanks to her contributions(貢獻) to medicine we realize nurses do an 　 50　　and necessary job.

41. A. old　　　　　　 B. dead　　　　　　　 C. young 　　　　　 D. weak

42. A. worked　　　　　 B. traveled 　　　　 C. rested　　　　　D. sang

43. A. healthy　　　　　B. strange　　　　　　C. poor　　　　　　 D. sick

44. A. right 　　　　　 B. wrong　　　　　　　C. bad　　　　　　　D. terrible

45. A. show　　　　　　B. learn 　　　　　　 C. teach　　　　　 D. remember

46. A. Germany　　　　 B. France　　　　　　 C. America　　　　　D. England

47. A. hospitals 　　　 B. cinemas　　　　　　C. museums　　　　 D. parks

48. A. food　　　　　　B. clothes　　　　　　C. money 　　　　　 D. time

49. A. policemen　　　　B. soldiers 　　　　　C. children　　　　 D. drivers

50. A. interesting　　　B. elementary　　　　 C. easy　　　　　　 D. important

VI. 閱讀理解

A. 閱讀下面的短文，從每題所給的四個選項中，選出一個最佳答案。

（A）

June came and the hottest month of the year began. A lot of travellers came to the city by the sea. All of the hotels were full except Mr Johnson’s. The prices of all the rooms were the lowest in the city but few people stayed there. The fire(火災）broke out three times in a year and four travellers died in the accidents. Most workers left there and found jobs in the other hotels. Mr Johnson had to do most work himself.

It was eleven o’clock. Most rooms were still empty. Mr Johnson worked for the whole day and was very tired. He went to close the gate when a young man came in, with a big bag in his hand.

“What can I do for you, sir?” asked Mr Johnson.

“The cheapest room in your hotel.”

“OK,” said Mr Johnson, “but it’s on the top floor.”

“It doesn’t matter. I think you have a lift in your hotel.”

“Of course, sir,” said the manager. “It’ll take you right there. By the way, may I keep your bag for you?”

“No, thanks. There’s nothing expensive in it but a long rope.”

“Oh? What do you bring it with you for?”

“I’m afraid another fire will happen in your hotel. If it does, I’ll throw the rope out of the window so that I’ll be able to escape from(逃脫）it.”

“Yes?” Mr Johnson said in surprise. “So you have to pay for the bill before you go to your room.”

51. Most workers left the hotel because ______.

A. Mr Johnson paid them less

B. it was dangerous to work for Mr Johnson

C. some travelers stayed there

D. it was too hot there in summer

52. ______, so most rooms were empty.

A. The travelers preferred to stay outside

B. The travelers went out for supper

C. A few travelers died in Mr Johnson’s hotel

D. Mr Johnson was bad to the travelers

53. The young man went in the hotel to ______.

A. put his bag there

B. look for something

C. talk to Mr Johnson

D. stay for night

54. The young man took a bag with him so that ______.

A. he could easily leave the hotel if it was on fire

B. he could pay nothing for the room

C. he could go to work early the next morning

D. he could hold something

55. Mr Johnson asked the young man to pay because he was afraid ______.

A. the young man could hurt him　　　　　　　　

B. the young man could take something away

C. the young man could leave without paying any money

D. his hotel would be on fire again

（B）

James got up at five to seven. His parents and his little twin sisters went traveling in France and he had to look after himself at home. He opened the fridge, but he found only two hamburgers in it. He decided to have breakfast in the restaurant at the other side of the street. He sat at a table and the waiter came up and said, “Can I take your order(點菜), James?”

“But you don’t show your menu to me, Mr Hunt,” said the boy.

“Oh, sorry! I forget it. Here it is.”

James looked at the menu carefully. It was:

Bread ＄1.30　　　　　　Sandwich ＄1.80　　　　Hamburger ＄2.40

Pizza ＄2.40　　　　　　Egg ＄0.30　　　　　　　Milk ＄0.50

Coffee ＄0.70　　　　　　Coke ＄0.30

James brought out his wallet and found there was only 6.50 dollars in it.

“Well,” said Mr Hunt. “What about a hamburger, a pizza, two eggs and a glass of coke?”

“Oh, no,” said the boy. “I’ll buy a picture-book this afternoon. It’s 1.50 dollars.”

“I see,” said the waiter. And then he brought the boy a nice breakfast.

56. There were ______ people in James’ family.

A. three

B. four

C. five

D. six

57. Which of the following is NOT right?

A. The waiter knew James.

B. The restaurant was near James’home.

C. James went to the restaurant alone.

D. The waiter took a menu to James when he saw him.

58. ______ are the most expensive in the menu?

A. Sandwiches

B. Hamburgers

C. Pizzas

D. Hamburgers and pizzas

59. James hoped to pay ______ dollars for his breakfast.

A. 5.00

B. 1.50

C. 6.50

D. 3.50

60. At last James had ______ for his breakfast.

A. two eggs, a hamburger, a piece of bread and a glass of coffee

B. two eggs, a pizza, a piece of bread and a glass of coffee

C. two eggs, a hamburger, a piece of bread and a glass of coke

D. one egg, a pizza, a sandwich and a glass of coffee

B. 閱讀下面的短文，根據其內容，在每個空白處填寫一個適當的詞（首字母已給出），完成句子。

Three years ago, Mr Johnson retired(退休). He returned to his hometown with his wife. Bad luck! The old woman died five months ago and now he had to live in the small town alone. His son asked him to live with them in the city, but he refused. He hated the noisy life there. He had some new friends and thought he enjoyed himself. So the young man bought a nice vat(缸) with about fifty goldfishes (金魚) in it. They could never make any noise in the night and his father could have a good sleep.

Mr Johnson liked the goldfishes and took good care of them. He bought some books and did all what’s said in them. He often told his friends about his goldfishes and they went to visit them. He was very happy.

A few days later, the old man looked worried. A cat of his neighbour’s stole(偷) his goldfishes at night. He tried to catch it, but he couldn’t. He had to sleep near the vat. It made him very tired. So the angry old man went to a shop and said, “Excuse me, sir. Where can I buy a shark(鯊魚), please?”

“Oh?” the man in the shop said in surprise. “What do you have it for?”

“I want to teach the cat a lesson(教訓)!”

61. Mr Johnson returned to his hometown because he liked the q_______ place.

62. The young man thought goldfishes could k________ quiet, so he bought some for his father.

63. Mr Johnson thought his goldfishes pretty, so he often s________ them to his friends.

64. Mr Johnson had to look after the goldfishes at night, so he was very tired in the d_________.

65. Mr Johnson wanted a shark to e_____ the cat.

VII.改錯

下列各句均有A、B、C、D四個劃線部分，其中只有一處錯誤，將其對應的字母填入句後的括號內，並在橫線上加以改正。

66. At last Alice agreed to marry to Mr Beckman.

　 A　　　　　　　 B　　C　　　　D　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(　 )_____________

67. Would you like anything sweet for breakfast?

　　A　　　　 B　　C　　　　　　D　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(　 )_____________

68. What do you usually feed your dog to?

　　A　 B　　　　C　　　　　　　　　 D　　　　　　　　　　　　(　 )_____________

69. Wait a minute. I’ll soon finish to tidy the room.

　　　　A　　　　　　　　B　　　　　　 C　　D　　　　　　　　(　 )_____________

70. He’ll ring up you after he reaches London next Monday.

　　　　　　　　A　　　 B　　　　C　　　　　　 D　　　　　　 (　 )_____________

VIII.書面表達

根據所給的電話留言，寫出一段對話，每個人講話不少於5次（電話記錄中所提供的資訊不必全部包含進去）。

MESSAGE

FROM：Jill　　　　　　　　　TO：Max

DATE：January 16

MESSAGE：

She got two tickets for seven thirty’s concert. She asked you to go to it with her. Her telephone number is 3921768.

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Kate