（人教版+朗文）八年級Unit 11 Dates, months and seasons
重點、難點：
1. Tag questions反意疑問句小結
2. The prepositons in on and at 介詞 in , on , at
3. useful expressions
具體內容：
反意疑問句小結
反意疑問句對陳述句所敘述的事實提出看法，問對方同不同意。它的結構由兩部分組成：陳述句和簡短問句。如前一部分為肯定形式，後一部分用否定形式；前一部分為否定形式，後一部分就用肯定形式。一般來說，簡短問句主語人稱的數、動詞時態應和陳述部分的主語人稱的數、動詞時態相一致。前一部分總是用降調，後一部分用升調時較多，如果說話人堅信第一部分說的是事實，後一部分也可以用降調。
1. 如果陳述句用肯定形式，簡短問句一般用否定形式；反之，陳述句用否定形式，簡短問句則用肯定形式。試比較：
Mary likes reading，doesn’t she？瑪麗喜歡讀書，是吧？
Mary doesn’t like reading，does she？瑪麗不喜歡讀書，是吧？
You’re a new student，aren’t you？你是新來的學生，對吧？
You aren’t a new student，are you？你不是新來的，對吧？
2. 如果陳述句有一個助動詞（包括can，must，need等情態動詞），其簡短問句用同一個助動詞。例如：
You haven’t seen that film，have you？你沒有看過那部電影，是嗎？
He can swim，can’t he？他會游泳，對嗎？
3. 陳述句部分是there be句型時，簡短問句部分也用there be。例如：
There are some people in the room，aren’t there？教室裡有人，是嗎？
4. 在英語口語中，I am後面的簡短問句用aren’t I？（在口語中，am I not？不常用，而amn’t I則極少用。）例如：
I’m late，aren’t I？我遲到了，是嗎？
5. 當陳述句部分含有否定詞如nothing，nobody等不定代詞時，簡短問句部分應用肯定結構。為避免重複，用代詞it來代替nothing；用they或he來代替nobody。例如：
Everything goes well，doesn’t it？一切順利，是嗎？
Everyone is here，aren’t they？（注意：此句問句與前句動詞的數不一致。）
6. 如果陳述部分包含有no，never，hardly，few，little，scarcely等否定詞時，簡短問句部分應用肯定形式。例如：
You have no time on Monday，have you？星期一你沒有時間，是嗎？
He has never been to Shanghai，has he？他從沒去過上海，對嗎？
They can hardly imagine how beautiful she is，can they？他們很難想象出她是多麼漂亮，是嗎？
7. 祈使句後面的簡短問句使用 will you？won’t you？would you？can you？can’t you？ would you？ shall we？它們不是真正的疑問句（意為請），但常用升調。won't用於邀請；will，would，can，can’t及shall we用來告訴人們該做什麼事，表請求。例如：
Do sit down，won’t you？您請坐。
Give me a pen，will you？請給我一支筆。
Open the door，would you？請開啟門好嗎？
Let’s go together，shall we？咱們一起走吧。
8. 在 I think，I believe，I suppose，I guess等結構中，簡短問句的主語往往與從句的主謂保持一致，例如：
I think she’s out，isn’t she？我想她出去了，是嗎？
I don’t believe it’s true，is it？我認為那不是真的，對嗎？
9. 一般說來，反意疑問句的陳述部分和疑問部分應有反意關係，即肯定--否定，或否定--肯定，但有時也可沒有這種反意關係，上面提到的祈使句是其中一種，也經常會見到下列情況。
Your car outside，is it？你的車在外邊，是吧？
You’ve told him about this , have you ? 這事你已經告訴他了，是吧？
注意：在回答反意疑問句的問題時，如果回答是肯定的，要用yes，否定的要用no，在第一部分是否定形式時要特別注意，這時的英語回答與漢語回答是有區別的。例如：
This isn’t yours，is it ? 這不是你的，是嗎？
Yes，it is .不，是我的。
No，it isn’t . 對，不是我的。
10. 時間介詞 in , on , at
in
（1）表示在較長的時間裡（如周／月份／季節／年份／世紀等）。如：in a week； in May； in spring／summer／autumn／winter； in 2008； in the 1990’s等。
（2）表示在上午、下午或晚上。如：in the morning／afternoon／evening。
（3）in the daytime（在白天） 屬於固定搭配，指從日出到日落這一段時間，反義詞組是in the night。
（4）“in ＋ 一段時間”表示“多久以後／以內”，常與將來時連用。如：in half an hour； in ten minutes； in a few days等。
on
後面所接的時間多與日期有關。具體用法有：
（1）表示在具體的某一天（如日期、生日、節日或星期幾）。如：on May 4th , 1919； on Monday；on Teachers’ Day；on my birthday；on that day等。
（2）表示某一天的上午、下午或晚上。如：on the morning of July 2； on Sunday afternoon； on a cold winter evening等。
at
具體用法有：
（1）表示在某一具體時刻，即幾點幾分。如：at six o’clock； at half past nine； at a quarter to six； at this time等。
（2）表示在某一短暫的時間。如：at noon； at this moment； at the end of a year； at the start of the concert等。
（3）It lasts from June to August.
Last
vi. 持續為延續性動詞，可與一段時間及How long 連用
America Civil War lasted for four years.
Our holidays lasted for ten days.
vt. 足夠
This pair of shoes will last you 2 years.
Two loaves of bread will last us for two days.
（4）What’s the weather like in spring in your hometown?
be like…..? …..是什麼樣子?
What will the weather be like tomorrow?
It will be fine, I think.
What is he like?
He is handsome and honest.
（5）You asked me about the weather here in China.
ask sb about sth. 詢問某人關於……的情況
He asked me about the time and place of the meeting.
ask sb to do sth
He asked me to help him mend the bike.
（6）The weather gets warmer, and the days gets longer.
You will be wiser as you get older .
I have to leave now. It’s getting dark.
I’m getting fatter and fatter.
（7）Trees turn green, and flowers start to come out.
His hair has turned grey.
With the autumn coming the leaves are beginning to turn yellow.
come out 出現，顯現
The flowers are coming out.
The sun came out.
come out （訊息）傳出
When the news came out, everybody was surprised.
come out 出版
When will his new book come out?
（8）I like to make snowman.
make 是英語中一個常用的動詞， 當及物動詞用時，是“製造”
make tea/coffee make money
make the bed make trouble
make laws make friends
make war make no sense
（9）In much of China, spring is usually very short.
much n. 大量，許多。 much = most places
He wasted much of the time.
Don’t eat much for supper.
too much 與 much too
too much
I have too much housework to do .
There is too much ice.
【典型例題】
[例1] This is ________ easy question.
A. a quite B. very an
C. quite an D. quite a
答案：C
解析：quite 相當，十分 quite a/ an +adj. + n.
[例2] The weather in Shandong is quite different from _________ in Haikou.
A. one B. those C. that D. this
答案：C
解析：山東的天氣與海口的天氣迥然不同。weather 不可數名詞，用that 來代替重複部分。
[例3] The flowers need__________.
A. to water B. water C. watered D. watering
答案：D
解析：need doing = need to be done 這些花需要澆水。用主動表示被動。
[例4] In Harbin it sometimes snows very ________.
A. heavy B. heavier C. more heavily D. heavily
答案：D
解析： very修飾形容詞及副詞的原級， 不用比較級。snow heavily 雪下得大，a heavy snow 一場大雪
[例5] There were no vegetables at home, ________?
A. weren’t there B. were there C. weren’t they D. were they
答案：B
解析：反意疑問句的前部分是否定的，所以後一部分應該是肯定的。there be 句型不能被改變。
【模擬試題】（答題時間：35分鐘）
一. 用介詞at、on、in填空
1. He came to my family May , 1999 .
2. He got home midnight．
3. Tree leaves begin to fall September .
4. He went to Beijing the morning of October 8th .
5. This matter happened the 1970’s his eighties.
6. He usually goes to see a film Sunday .
7. Can you finish the task a month ?
8. He left his homeland the age of thirty .
9. My family will move there two months .
10. He is kind to her times .
二. Choose the best answers.
1. They have to study a lot, ______?
A. don’t they B. haven’t they C. did they D. hadn’t they
2. Your friend needs to come earlier, ______?
A. does he B. doesn’t he C. need he D. needn’t he
3. Everyone’s having a good time, ______?
A. is he B. isn’t everyone C. does he D. aren’t they
4. Let’s listen to the radio program that the teacher mentioned, ______?
A. do we B. don’t we C. shall we D. shalln’t we
5. Jack has coffee with breakfast, ______?
A. hasn’t Jack B. hasn’t he C. doesn’t Jack D. doesn’t he
6. There isn’t anything wrong with the radio, ______?
A. is there B. is it C. does it D. does there
7. The teacher had a talk with you, ______?
A. has you B. hadn’t she C. did she D. didn’t she
8. All these dictionaries are a great help to you, ______?
A. are they B. aren’t they
C. are all these dictionaries D. aren’t all these dictionaries
9. Magaret scarcely comes to visit you on Christmas Day, ______?
A. doesn’t she B. does she C. do you D. don’t you
10. What beautiful weather, ______?
A. is it B. isn’t it C. won’t it D. doesn’t it
三. Reading
Long, long ago, as the birds flew over the world, they saw that men had a beautiful thing. It was a bright, burning thing. Men cooked their food and kept themselves warm with it. The birds thought life would be better if they could have this thing, too. So they decided to send a messenger to humans to ask for a little piece of it. They thought that Chicken was a good one to send because he was a good talker. So Chicken went.
He flew far over the forest until he came to a small town. He saw the burning thing. He learned that it was called “Fire”. But he did not ask for a piece of it. There was so much food lying around men’s houses that he started eating and forgot what he had come for.
Men liked Chicken because he crowed very early in the morning and woke them up. They let him run in and out of their houses. They threw him food. So Chicken stayed with humans. He never went back to the birds. He even forgot how to fly.
Choose the correct answer.
1. When the birds flew over the world, they saw _____.
A. a beautiful coat
B. Chicken
C. a messenger
D. a burning thing
2. The birds thought life would be _____ if they could have this thing, too.
A. best B. warmer C. better D. brighter
3. The birds decided to send a messenger to ask men _____.
A. to come to the birds
B. what the burning thing was
C. for food
D. to give them a little piece of fire
4. The birds thought that Chicken _____, so they decided to send him to humans.
A. was good at eating
B. knew men in the town very well
C. was good at talking
D. could fly far over the forest
5. Chicken never went back to the birds, because _____.
A. he was clever
B. he couldn't go back to the birds
C. he was very busy
D. he woke men up early in the morning
【試題答案】
一. in , at , in , on , in , in , on , in , at , in , at
二.
1-5 ABDCD 6-10 ADBBB
三. Reading
DCDCD
