完形填空的做題思路及方法
完形填空的解題原則是以上下文的內容為衡量標準。有不少題目在設計上非常注重干擾項在語法結構上的合理性，使四個選項在語法上均無懈可擊。還有的干擾項從區域性角度講可以被認可，例如在短語或單句層面上符合習慣搭配或邏輯表達。但當這些詞置於全文大背景中便顯出破綻：要麼前後矛盾，要麼與主題不相關。由此可見，短文字身是一個語篇整體，在解題中千萬不能脫離上下文去“就事論事”。相反，小圈子裡的疑團解不開時，放眼“外圍”語境，或許能得到意外的驚喜，甚至是現成的答案。
從某種意義上講，完形填空與閱讀理解之間的關係最密切。實際上，完形填空的第一關便是閱讀理解，或者說閱讀理解是完形填空測試的一部分內容，所檢測的閱讀理解能力滲透在每一小題的解題過程中。完形填空解題的首要步驟是將短文的大意理解清楚。
完形填空是將語法和詞彙題放在語篇會考，所以與單純的語法題和詞彙題不同。考生在備考時不但要花力氣去背記語法要點和積累詞彙，還要注意單詞在使用中的搭配習慣和用法上各自不同的特點及同義詞之間的差別等。另外，還要學會通過語境暗示推斷詞義和連詞的用法，及詞與詞、句與句、段與段之間的關係（到底是並列、選擇、轉折還是遞進、讓步、因果等）。
一、根據語法進行選擇
1. As soon as the children were ______, their mother got them out of bed and into the bathroom.
A. woke B. awoke C. awake D. waken
2. People who live in a small village are bond to see a good ______ of each other.
A. sum B. quantity C. deal D. amount
3. Mr. John cooks the food _______ as the best cooks in Europe.
A. as good B. as better C. better D. as well
4. ______ the danger from enemy action, people had to cope with a severe shortage of food, clothing, fuel, and almost everything.
A. As far as B. As long as C. As well as D. As soon as
5. A good many proposals were raised by the delegates, ______ was to be expected.
A. that B. what C. so D. as
6. When the work is well done, a climate of accident-free operations is established _____ time lost due to injuries is kept at a minimum. (99)
A. where B. how C. what D. unless
7. Companies ______ low accident rates plan their safety programs, …. (99)
A. at B. in C. on D. with
8. There are thirteen or more of them (維生素), and if ______ is missing a deficiency disease becomes apparent. (96)
A. any B. some C. anything D. something
9. of the two books holds the opinion that the danger of nuclear war is increasing.
A. None B. Either C. Both D. Any
二、根據詞彙的固定搭配選定答案 (此類所佔比例較大)：
1. I’d like to take ______ of this opportunity to thank you all for your co-operation.
A. profit B. benefit C. advantage D. occasion
2. His natural intelligence and his experience enabled him to ______ with the problem.
A. find B. deal C. solve D. finish
3. Housewives who do not go out to work feel they are not working to their full ______.
A. capacity B. strength C. length D. possibility
4. Jack had difficulty in swimming across the Yangtze River but he finally succeeded at his fifth _______.
A. process B. display C. trial D. attempt
5. It would be ______ a risk to let the child cross the street by himself.
A. passing B. carrying C. following D. running
6. Vitamins are needed for _____ foods into energy and body maintenance. (96)
A. shifting B. transferring C. altering D. transforming
7. …… and each vitamin _______ one or more specific functions in the body. (96)
A. undertakes B. holds C. plays D. performs
mobile American society, interclass marriages are neither 1 nor shocking. Interfaith marriages are 2 the rise particularly between Protestants and Catholics. On the other hand, interracial marriage is still very uncommon. It can be difficult for interracial couples to find a place to live, maintain friendships, and 3 a family.
1. A. scarce B. rare C. scared D. relieved
2. A. in B. at C. on D. for
3. A. raise B. obtain C. grow D. unite
三、根據句子及上下文的意思選定答案：
1. _______ there is a snowstorm or some other bad weather, the mail always comes on time.
A. Because B. Unless C. As D. So
2. Because of the poor harvest, wheat prices have _______ in the last six months.
A. added B. worked C. jumped D. amounted
3. Tom wants to learn more about the British political system, but he doesn’t know where to get the _______.
A. situation B. information C. conversation D. association
4. Purchasing the new production line will be a _______ deal for the company.
A. profitable B. tremendous C. forceful D. favorite
5. Nowadays buildings must get _______ from the Planning Authority before putting up new houses.
A. allowance B. permission C. liberty D. notice
1. Social ______ vary greatly from country to country.
A. customs B. traditions C. habit D. practice
2. The strong storm did a lot of damage to the coastal villages: several fishing boats were ______ and many houses collapsed.
A. wrecked B. spoiled C. torn D. injured
3. On New Year’s Eve, New York City holds an outdoor ______ which attracts a crowd of a million or more people.
A. incident B. event C. case D. affair
4. Arriving home, the boy told his parents about all the ______ which occurred in his dormitory.
A. occasions B. matters C. incidents D. issues
5. You shouldn’t have written in the ______ since the book belongs to the library.
A. interval B. border C. margin D. edge
五、區分選項中的形似詞或同音詞：
1. When you play a game, the guy with whom you are playing against is your _______.
A. opposition B. opposite C. opposing D. opponent
2. Our hopes _______ and fell in the same instant.
A. aroused B. arose C. raised D. rose
3. I hate people who ______ the end of a film that you haven’t seen before.
A. reveal B. rewrite C. revise D. reverse
4. We should concentrate on sharply reducing interest rates to pull the economy out of ____.
A. rejection B. restriction C. retreat D. recession
5. They are trying to ______ the waste discharged by the factory for profit.
A. expose B. exhaust C. exhibit D. exploit
六、根據句子的邏輯關係選定答案（理解句子意思，注意句中一正一反的表達）：
1. Before I noticed some slight difference, I had thought the recorders were _______.
A. equivalent B. identical C. artificial D. occasional
2. Some of the suggestions have been accepted but others have been ______.
A. projected B. rejected C. objected D. subjected
3. A culture in which the citizens share similar religious beliefs and values is more likely to have laws that represent the wishes of its people than is a culture where citizens come from _____ backgrounds.
A. extensive B. influential C. diverse D identical
4. ______ I admire David as a poet, I do not like him as a man.
A. Much as B. Only if C. If only D. As much
5. When I go out in the evening I use the bike ______ the car if I can.
A. rather than B. regardless of C. in spite of D. other than
7. Some place great emphasis on mechanical guarding. Others stress safe work practices by observing rules or regulations. _ __ others depend on an emotional appeal to the worker.
A. Some B. Many C. Even D. Still
6. (1) industrial giants like General Motors and IBM struggle to survive by reducing the number of employees, Manpower, based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, is booming. (2) its economy continues to recover, the US is increasingly becoming a nation of part-timers and temporary workers. (97年)
(1). A. For B. Because C. As D. Since
(2). A. Even though B. Now that C. If only D. Provided that
worthwhile careers require some kind of specialized training. Ideally, therefore, the choice of an 1 should be made even before the choice of a curriculum in high school. Actually, 2 , most people make several job choices during their working lives, 3 because of economic and industrial changes and partly to improve 4 positions. The “one perfect job” does not exist. Young people should 5 enter into a broad flexible training program that will 6 them for a field of work rather than for a single 7 .
1) A. identification B. entertainment C. occupation D. accommodation
2) A. therefore B. however C. though D. thereby
3) A. entirely B. mainly C. largely D. partly
4) A. its B. his C. their D. our
5) A. therefore B. since C. furthermore D. forever
6) A. fit B. make C. take D. leave
7) A. way B. job C. means D. company
e can be no question about the value of a safety program. From a financial standpoint alone, safety 1 . The fewer the injury 2 , the better the workman’s insurance rate. This may mean the difference between operating at 3 or at a loss.
1. A. comes off B. turns up C. pays off D. holds up
2. A. claims B. reports C. declarations D. proclamations
3. A. an advantage B. a benefit C. an interest D. a profit
七、根據句意並辨析短語進行選擇：
1. She ______ her trip to New York because she was ill.
A. called off B. closed down C. put up D. went off
2. Whenever a big company ______ a small one, the product almost always gets worse.
A. gets on with B. cuts down C. takes over D. puts up with
3. The continuous rain ______ the harvesting of the wheat crop by two weeks.
A. set back B. set off C. set out D. set aside
4. Computer technology will ______ a revolution in business administration.
A. bring around B. bring about C. bring out D. bring up
